FC. READY FOR FIRST. UNIT 2 GRAMMAR.
2.1. INDIRECT WAYS OF ASKING QUESTIONS
He asked
me…
He wanted
to know…
Could you
tell me…?
Would you
mind telling me…?
WHERE ARE
YOU FROM? -->
DIRECT
HE ASKED ME
WHERE I WAS FROM. --> INDIRECT
1) YES / NO QUESTIONS --> IF + REST (SUBJECT + VERB!)
DO YOU LIKE
HORROR FILMS?
HE ASKED ME
IF I LIKE HORROR FILMS. à INDIRECT
2) WH- QUESTIONS --> WH- PRONOUN + REST (SUBJECT + VERB!)
WHERE’S THE
BANK? -->
DIRECT
COULD YOU
TELL ME WHERE THE BANK IS?
COULD YOU
TELL ME WHERE IS THE BANK?
2.2. GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES
2.2.1. GERUNDS
·
SUBJECT
(Swimming is very healthy.)
·
AFTER
PREPOSITIONS (I’m interested IN learning English.
·
AFTER
CERTAIN VERBS (LIST!)
o
Mind
o
Suggest
o
Can’t
help
o
Etc.
2.2.2. INFINITIVES
·
TO
EXPRESS PURPOSE (I went to the supermarket TO buy bread).
·
AFTER
(SOME) ADJECTIVES --> worried ABOUT / interested IN…
·
IT’S
DIFFICULT TO LEARN JAPANESE
·
IT’S
HARD TO GET UP EARLY.
·
AFTER
CERTAIN VERBS (LIST!)
2.2.3. VERBS THAT TAKE INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO
·
MODALS
·
LET
/ HELP / MAKE
2.2.4. VERBS THAT CAN TAKE INFINITIVE OR GERUND
(CHANGE IN MEANING)
·
LOVE
/ LIKE / HATE…
o
GERUND:
HOBBY (GENERAL)
o
TO:
I LIKE TO TRAVEL WITH MY SISTERS EVERY SUMMER.
·
STOP
o
GERUND:
1 ACTION --> IS
STOPPED (Yesterday I stopped watching TV at 10pm).
o
TO:
2 ACTIONS -->
Yesterday I stopped watching TV TO MAKE DINNER.
·
FORGET
o
GERUND:
ACTION -->
FORGET (I forgot buying the milk.)
o
TO:
FORGET --> ACTION (I forgot to buy the milk).
·
REMEMBER
o
GERUND:
ACTION -->
REMEMBER (I remember visiting Sagrada Familia). MEMORIES
o
TO:
REMEMBER --> DO
IT! ACTION. (Remember TO DO your homework).
·
TRY
o
GERUND:
EXPERIMENT. Try playing some music / Try singing to your plants.
o
TO:
EFFORT. Try to study more.
·
REGRET
o
GERUND:
ACTION -->
REGRET. I regret telling you my secret.
o
TO:
PRESENT / FUTURE. I regret to inform you that you won’t get the job.
